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Codex Mundi A scholarly atlas of the senses lost when crossing borders
◈ 367 verified entries

When a gesture changes meaning as it crosses a border

Codex Mundi documents over 500 situations where a gesture, a word, a silence or a sign radically changes meaning depending on the culture. Academic sources tier-1 (Morris, Ekman, Hall, Poyatos, Kendon, Matsumoto, Axtell), dated historical incidents, practical advice by region.

509fact sheets
✓ 367verified entries
9target languages
15thematic categories

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e0516 Relationship to time

Peru: hora peruana and the codes of punctuality

In Peru, hora peruana denotes the chronic gap -- 30 minutes to 1 hour -- between the announced time and the actual start of an event. This polychronic time regime places relational trust (confianza) above strict schedule compliance.

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e0515 Proximity (distance)

Colombia: calidez and contact proxemics

In Colombia, *calidez* -- relational warmth -- is expressed through reduced conversational distance, easy touch, and affectionate address terms (*mi amor*, *corazon*) with no romantic intent. Stepping back or keeping one's distance reads as coldness.

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e0514 Proximity (distance)

Argentina: contact proxemics of the portenos

In Argentina, especially in Buenos Aires, standard conversational distance is 60 to 76 cm, even with a stranger -- well below the Northern European norm. Touch during conversation (arm, shoulder) signals warmth, not intrusion; stepping back reads as coldness.

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e0130 Kinesics — gestures

Peace gesture (dove)

Index and middle fingers raised in a V, palm facing forward. Universal symbol of peace and victory, born of WWII, emblem of the 1960s anti-war movements. Warning: palm facing oneself = serious insult in the United Kingdom and Australia.

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e0142 Proximity (distance)

S'asseoir à côté d'un inconnu dans un train peu occupé (Japon)

Éviter le siège voisin d'un inconnu est un réflexe proxémique général, pas une règle japonaise — et la norme officielle japonaise demande au contraire de se serrer.

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e0141 Proximity (distance)

Faire la queue ou s'agglutiner au guichet (Chine, Inde)

Devant un guichet, l'accès peut basculer de la file linéaire à l'agrégat compact : ce n'est pas une absence de règle, mais un autre régime d'attente.

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e0140 Proximity (distance)

The sacred British queue

Doubler une file au Royaume-Uni n'est pas lu comme une maladresse mais comme une faute morale, et le reproche reste silencieux.

⚠ UK
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e0287 Table & food

Eating while walking in the street (Japan)

In Japan, eating street food is normal - it is moving along while eating that is frowned upon: one stops at the stall, eats, then moves on.

⚠ Japan
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Could you avoid the faux pas?

15 real situations, 3 countries. Test your cross-cultural reflexes.

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Kinesics — gestures

130 · 117 complete (90%)

Symbols, numbers, colors, animals

44 · 32 complete (72%)

Table & food

39 · 33 complete (84%)

Business & protocol

39 · 38 complete (97%)

Greetings

32 · 24 complete (75%)

Touch

30 · 24 complete (80%)

Linguistic false friends

30 · 18 complete (60%)

Proximity (distance)

27 · 16 complete (59%)

Gifts & exchanges

26 · 26 complete (100%)

Life rituals

23 · 14 complete (60%)

Clothing, feet, shoes

22 · 22 complete (100%)

Relationship to time

19 · 19 complete (100%)

Paralanguage, silence, laughter

18 · 17 complete (94%)

Eyes and eye contact

17 · 16 complete (94%)

Counting with hands

13 · 12 complete (92%)